芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯间作体系土壤水分动态变化

Soil Moisture Dynamic Change in the Intercropping System Between Brassica napobrassica and Potato

为芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯间作体系保水高产栽培提供理论依据和技术支持,以芜菁甘蓝单作、马铃薯单作为对照,芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯间作为研究对象,分析不同种植模式土壤的水分含量动态变化和芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯的相对产量及产值。结果表明：1）芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯间作受气温和降水量影响相对较小,土壤含水量主要在30%～40%,高于单作,有利于保持土壤水分;2）整个生长季,土壤含水量垂直变化随着土层深度的增加而增加,3种种植模式从0～15cm土层至60～75cm土层水分有6%～9%递增;3）芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯间作的芜菁甘蓝产量相比单作提高38.4%,其土地当量比（LER）为2.34（〉1）,具有间作产量优势。芜菁甘蓝-马铃薯间作产值为130 669.69元/hm^2,高于单作,具有较高经济效益。结论：芜菁甘蓝与马铃薯间作可提高土壤含水量,保持土壤水分,具有较高的产量和经济效益。

The soil moisture change,relative yield and output value of B.napobrassica and potato under the intercropping pattern were analyzed compared with monoculture B.napobrassica pattern and potato monoculture pattern to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the Brassica napobrassica and potato intercropping system with water conservation and high-yield cultivation.The results showed that：1）Because temperature and precipitation has a little effect on soil moisture content of the intercropping pattern,the soil moisture content of the intercropping pattern is mainly 30%～40%,which is beneficial to soil moisture conservation;2）Soil moisture content of different soil layers increases with increase of soil depth during the whoe growth period,and soil moisture content of three planting patterns increases by 6% ～9% from 0～15cm of soil layer to 60～75cm of soil layer gradually;3）B.napobrassica yield of the intercropping pattern is 38.4% higher than that under the monoculture pattern and its land equivalence ratio（LER）is 2.34 with intercropping yield superiority,and the output value of the intercropping pattern is up to 130 669.69Yuan/hm^2,which is higher than the monoculture patterns.In conclusion,the intercropping pattern between B.napobrassica and potato can increase soil moisture content,keep soil moisture and has higher yield and economic benefit.