氮肥水平对Y两优585稻米品质的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Level on Rice Quality of Hybrid Rice Y Liangyou 585

为探索不同氮肥施用量对稻米品质的影响,为水稻生产中氮肥的合理利用提供依据,采用4种施氮水平（无氮0kg/hm^2、低氮150kg/hm^2、中氮225kg/hm^2和高氮300kg/hm^2）研究Y两优585稻米品质指标的差异及其食味品质的变化规律。结果表明：1）碾米品质,高氮肥施用量（300kg/hm^2）可以提高产量,增加稻米出糙率、精米率和整精米率。2）外观品质,4种氮肥处理的粒长（7.1mm）、长宽比（3∶1）和透明度（1级）无差异;无氮（0）处理的垩白粒率和垩白度高于其余施氮处理;施氮处理的垩白粒率和垩白度表现为中氮〉高氮〉低氮。3）蒸煮品质,碱消值为低氮〉无氮〉高氮〉中氮,胶稠度和直链淀粉含量随着施氮量的增加而下降。4）营养品质,蛋白质含量随着施氮量的增加而升高（7.5%～10.4%）。

The effect of four different nitrogen levels on rice quality of Y Liangou 585 was studied to provide the scientific basis for rational utilization of nitrogen fertilizer in rice production.The results showed that：1）High nitrogen level with 300kg/hm^2 can improve rice yield,brown rice rate,milled rice rate and head rice rate;2）There are no obvious differences in rice length,rice length/width and rice transparency between four different treatments.The chalky rice percentage and chalkiness degree of zero nitrogen treatment（without applying nitrogen）both are higher than treatments with applying nitrogen,and the chalky grain percentage and chalkiness degree of three different treatments with applying nitrogen is medium nitrogen 〉high nitrogen 〉low nitrogen;3）Alkali spreading value of four different nitrogen levels is low nitrogen〉zero nitrogen 〉high nitrogen 〉medium nitrogen but gel consistency and amylose content of rice both decrease with increase of nitrogen application;4）Protein content of rice increases by（7.5 %～10.4 %）with increase of nitrogen application.