贵州辣椒疫霉种群的组成与分布

Composition and Distribution of Phytophthora capsici Population in Guizhou

为了对贵州辣椒疫病的防治与抗病品种的选育提供理论依据,采用苗期人工接种技术,对不同年度分离自贵州省遵义、贵阳、六盘水、黔南、毕节和安顺等6个地区(州、市)12县(市、区)的49个辣椒疫霉单孢菌株进行了生理小种鉴定。鉴定出race 0、race 1、race 2和race 3共4个生理小种,race 0为新小种。贵州辣椒疫霉生理小种的组成、分布以及优势小种的种类因时间和空间不同而有所差异,2004-2007年4个小种组成相对均衡,2009年优势小种为race 1、出现频率50.00%,2012年优势小种为race 3、出现频率高达71.43%。不同地区间生理小种数以贵阳最多,有4个小种;其次是遵义和六盘水,均有3个小种;安顺、黔南和毕节只有2个生理小种。贵阳、安顺和黔南的优势小种为race3,遵义是race1,毕节和六盘水的小种分布较为平均。

In order to provide a theoretical basis for pepper phytophthora blight control and resistance cultivars breeding,artificial inoculation in seedling stage was used and 49 representative strains of P.capsici from 12 counties of six districts in Guizhou were selected to identify physiological race according to a subset of identification hosts of pepper in different years.The results showed that four races were identified,which were race 1,race 2,race 3and race 0.Race 0 was a new one.The composition,distribution and types of dominant race of P.capsici were different in different year and region in Guizhou.The ratio of each race was almost the same from 2004 to 2007,but in 2009 and 2012,the predominant race was race 1and race 3with a incidence frequency of 50.00% and 71.43%,respectively.Among different regions,Guiyang had four physiological races,next were Zunyi and Liupanshui with three races and two for Anshun,Qiannan and Bijie.Race 1was the dominant population in Zunyi and race 3was the dominant one in Guiyang,Anshun,Qiannan.