青海云杉硬枝扦插技术试验研究

Syudy on Hardwood Cutting Technique of Qinghai Spruce

以青海云杉6a生苗木一年生一级侧枝为材料进行硬枝扦插,探讨青海云杉硬枝扦插繁殖技术及不同激素(IBA、ABT)、不同基质、IBA不同浓度、IBA不同时间处理和不同插穗基部处理对青海云杉扦插生根率、根系生长量的影响,为青海云杉扦插快繁提供依据。结果表明:影响青海云杉扦插生根的主导因素为激素种类,激素处理效果:IBA﹥ABT,其次为插壤基质和激素浓度与处理时间,另外插穗基部针叶不同处理对青海云杉扦插生根影响很大,保留插穗基部全部针叶扦插生根率较高。综合考虑因素间的相互作用,促进青海云杉硬枝扦插最佳成活率的组合是:采用泥炭土、珍珠岩、细河沙按3∶1∶1混合配制插壤,于当年4月中旬从6a生苗木采集一级侧枝为插穗,插穗基部针叶完全保留,使用IBA100mg/kg溶液浸泡1h后扦插,插后棚内湿度不低于60%,插壤温度控制在8-30℃之间,插壤含水量50%-90%之间,青海云杉硬枝扦插成活率达85%,平均生根数量8.17条/穗,平均根长6.08cm,根系效果指数0.29。

6 years branches Qinghai spruce were used as the materials of hard branch cuttage,hard branch cutting propagation technology of Qinghai spruce and different hormone（ IBA,ABT）,different matrix,different concentrations of IBA,IBA treated in different time and different inserted influence rate,the growth of root were studied,provides the basis for Qinghai spruce cutting propagation. The results showed that： the dominant factors influencing the rooting of Qinghai spruce cuttings for kind of hormones,hormone treatment effect：IBA 〉ABT,followed by the inserted soil matrix and hormone concentration and treatment time,Qinghai spruce needles in different treatments on cuttage rooting effect is very big,retain the cuttings base all needles rooting rate is high. Considering the interaction among factors,promote Qinghai spruce hardwood cuttage survival rate is the best combination： the use of peat and perlite and river sand in 3∶ 1∶ 1 mixed inserted soil,in the same year in mid April 6 years from the seedlings of collection branches as cuttings,cuttings base coniferous completely preserved,use of IBA100 mg / kg solution for 1h after cutting,after inserting shed humidity not less than 60%,inserted soil temperature controlled at 8-30℃,inserted soil moisture 50%-90%,Qinghai spruce hardwood cuttage survival rate of 85%,average root number 8. 17 / spike,average length of root 6. 08 cm and root effect index 0. 29.