舰船细水雾红外隐身技术及其试验研究

Experimental Inverstigation on Water Mist Infrared Stealth Technology for Naval Ships

在物体表面喷洒水雾是有效降低红外辐射强度的途径,利用细水雾粒子的吸收、散射、水膜覆盖作用,可以有效衰减红外辐射强度。细水雾特有的相变和水膜流动特性已在工程中逐步得到应用。通过介绍舰船细水雾红外隐身技术的原理、国内外研究现状,讨论细水雾的分类、产生的原理以及常见的几种雾化喷嘴,并在此基础上定性分析雾滴粒径、雾滴浓度、水雾厚度、水膜厚度和水流速度等对隐身效果的影响。试验研究表明:细水雾的雾滴直径、雾滴浓度、水雾厚度、水膜厚度和水流速度对物体表面的红外遮蔽和降低影响较大;不同结构型式的喷嘴其雾滴粒径、雾滴浓度、水雾厚度、水膜厚度和水流速度等差别很大,对降低红外辐射的效果也各不相同;虽然供水压力和流量对水雾的形成有影响,但对低压细水雾而言,当压力和流量达到一定值时,细水雾对降低红外辐射强度的作用并不明显。

Spraying on the surface of objects is an effective way to reduce the infrared radiation,since the absorption,dispersion,and overlay of water membrane could weaken the infrared radiation effectively. The proper characteristic of phase transition as well as the water membrane flow of water mist has been ap？plied on engineering gradually. In this paper,it is validated through experimental tests that the diameter, consistency,thickness of granule mist,thickness of water membrane,and velocity of water will affect the performance of infrared defilade and debasement. The above mentioned parameters differ greatly from vari？ous nozzles,which in turn differentiate the effects of infrared radiation reduction. While the pressure and flux display certain influences to the final results,the effects are small and negligible.