北京市典型交通环境噪声安全性分析

Safety analysis of representative urban traffic environment noise in Beijing

为科学防范城市交通环境噪声对人体健康的影响,对北京市多种典型交通环境噪声进行安全性分析。首先概述国内外相关交通噪声标准,其次分析几种典型噪声的频率及声级特征,最后,对照相应噪声标准分析北京市典型公共交通环境噪声。结果表明：按照国内外以等效连续声压级度量的相关交通噪声标准,除立交桥处居民区室内噪声超标,其他几种典型环境中的噪声基本小于标准限值;按照国内外低频噪声管制标准限值,在31.5～500 Hz频率处,各典型交通环境噪声声级全部高于管制标准。从短期高声压级及低频噪声的危害角度考虑,北京市典型公共交通环境噪声对人体健康会有潜在危害。

In order to scientifically prevent urban traffic environment noise from impacting on human health,a safety analysis of several representative traffic ambient noises in Beijing was made. First,several relevant noise standards of certain countries were briefly introduced. Second,sound level characteristics and frequency characteristics of these noises were studied. Last,safety analyses of these noises were made based on relevant standards. The results show that representative traffic ambient noises（ except those in areas near overpass） basically meet those noise equivalent continuous sound level standards,and that for low frequency range of 31. 5- 500 Hz,sound levels of almost all representative traffic ambient noises do not meet low frequency noise control standards of countries. Taking the harmfulness of both short-term high noise level and low frequency noise into consideration,the authors believe that representative traffic ambient noises in Beijing may pose a potential threat to human health.