摘要
“谎言的衰落”是王尔德《意图集》中的第二篇文章，其主要论战对象是当时文坛兴起的现实主义文学运动。现实主义文学以准确观察为基础，着意表现普通民众以及他们的日常生活。这一理念挑战了西方数个世纪以来占主导地位的崇高化和理想化的艺术观念。王尔德以捍卫文学艺术的崇高和生命力为理由，坚决反对文学的现实主义化，但他并未采取学理化的方式表述自己的观点，而是采用对话体的写作方式，运用双重论证来表达他对自然主义文学、写实主义文学的批判，继而提出了艺术应该从自身而非从外物中发现其完美的新美学观念。
The Decay of Lying is the second essay of Oscar Wilde＇ s Intentions. The object of this essay intends to against is the movement of the literature of realism. Realist literature based on the accurate observation, devote itself to the performance of common people and their daily lives. It was a challenge to the idea of traditional western literary which espouses literature ought to show the majesty and ideal spirits. Oscar Wilde firmly opposed this movement and also the new concept of literary. He wrote a dialogue but not thesis to show his will for guarding the majestic and vigorous character of literature. He claimed his intention both by demonstrating his theory and by the argument of the action. And then Oscar Wilde established his new aesthetics of literary writing which is the Arts have for seeking perfection and progress from itself but not from the external.
