挂帮矿开采低段高无底柱留矿嗣后充填采矿法

Pillarless Ore-remaining Subsequent Fill Mining with Low Stage Height Applicable to the Exploitation of Hanging Wall Ore

残留在露天矿最终边帮上的挂帮矿赋存条件较为特殊,采用传统的地下开采方法开采挂帮矿时,露天矿最终边帮与地下采场的稳定性差、生产效率低。因此,提出低段高无底柱留矿嗣后充填采矿法用于开采位于露天矿最终边帮上的挂帮矿,该方法采用低段高回采,减小围岩的暴露面积;不留底柱,采用中深孔爆破落矿,铲运机出矿,生产效率高;将矿石暂时留在采场,回采后立即充填采空区能有效限制采空区围岩的变形;预留斜顶柱,能够有效提高采空区充填效果。将该方法用于开采大冶铁矿东露天尖ⅠN挂帮矿的开采,实践结果表明:在预留采场与边坡之间的保护矿柱的情况下,该采矿方法能有效保证挂帮矿开采过程中露天矿最终边帮的稳定和采场生产安全,高效地回收残留在露天矿最终边坡上的挂帮矿。

The traditional underground mining methods to exploit the hanging wall ore on the slope of the open pit usually result in poor stability and low efficiency of the final slope and the underground stope because of the special occurrence conditions of the hanging wall ore in the open pit. Then,the pillarless ore-remaining subsequent fill mining with low stage height is put forward to exploit the hanging wall ore on the final slope of the open pit. This method shortens the height of the stages in order to reduce the exposure area of the stope. It has a higher efficiency by obligating no bottom pillar and blasting with deep hole and transporting the ore with scrapers. And by using this method,the deformation of the rock mass is limited temporarily with partial ore remaining in the stope and filling the goaf. In this method,the top inclined pillars are designed to improve the filling effect. This method was put into the exploitation of JianⅠ N hanging wall ore of the east open pit in Daye Iron Mine. The application result showed that it guaranteed the stability of the final slope and the safe exploitation of the hanging wall ore at the stope,and effectively recovered the ores on the final slope of open pit under the conditions of keeping the safety pillars between reserved stope and the slope.