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施钾对杂交谷子水分利用效率和产量的影响 被引量:13

Effect of potassium fertilization on water use efficiency and yield of hybrid millet
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摘要 为确定水分供应充足条件下杂交谷子的合理施钾方案,本试验以‘张杂谷5号’为材料,采用田间小区试验,设定施钾(K2O)量0,100,200,300(1次施),300(分2次施),400kg/hm^2共6个水平(编号K0~K5处理),研究施钾量对杂交谷子生物量、产量、光合特性及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:谷子产量及水分利用效率与施钾水平密切相关。施钾处理谷子生物量比K0对照增加了12.45%~34.13%,处理间差异显著。杂交谷子籽粒产量在K3(300kg/hm^2)处理最高,为8 348.33kg/hm^2。各生育阶段谷子的耗水特征变化趋势不同,全生育期谷子总耗水量差异较小。施肥还提高了杂交谷子的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度。籽粒水分利用效率、生物水分利用效率及单叶片水分利用效率均以K3处理为最高。因此,推荐施钾300kg K2O/hm^2为本地区杂交谷子高产的合理施钾方案。 To clarify the rational potassium fertilization technique of hybrid millet under the condition of sufficient water supply, a field experiment, including six potassium oxide applica- tion rates of 0, 100, 200, 300, 300 (applied at different stages) and 400 kg KzO/hm^2 (the treatments code from K0 to K5) with' Zhangzagu No. 5' hybrid millet as research objects, was conducted, with the objectives of finding the influence of potassium application rate on bi- omass and grain yield, photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency (WUE) of hy- brid millet. The results showed that the yield and water use efficiency of millet were signifi- cantly related to potassium application levels. The hybrid millet biomass in potassium fertili- zation treatments was increased by 12.45%--34.13% than that in control (K0), and the vari- ation of biomass in different treatments was significant. Among the treatments, millet grain yield of K3 (300 kg/hm^2) was the highest (8 348.33 kg/hm^2). The variation tendency of wa- ter consumption was different in growing periods of millet, and the variation of total water consumption of hybrid mille in the whole growing period was less in different treatments. Po- tassium fertilization also increased the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of hybrid millet. The highest WUE, water use efficiency of dry matter (WUEDM) and water use efficiency of single-leaf were all observed in K3 treatment. Therefore, the fer- tilizer of 300 kg K2O/ hm^2 was proposed as the rational potassium application scheme for get- ting higher yielding of hybrid millet in the region.
出处 《河北农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第6期1-6,共6页 Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金 国家科技支撑计划研究项目(2011BAD06B02-6)
关键词 杂交谷子 施钾 产量 水分利用效率 hybrid millet potassium fertilization yield water use efficiency (WUE)
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