2001~2012年国审玉米品种亲本自交系系谱来源分析

Analysis on the Pedigree of the Parental Lines of the Maize Hybrids Approved by the Nation from 2001 to 2012

搜集和整理2001~2012年国审普通玉米杂交种及其双亲自交系的来源,分析并绘制亲本自交系的系谱图,根据亲本自交系所属的杂种优势群,分析杂种优势模式的类型与比例。结果表明,属于塘四平头群的亲本自交系主要是黄早四的衍生系,骨干黄改系吉853、LX9801与昌7-2仍然被广泛应用,并且产生多个衍生系被大量应用;旅大红骨群的亲本自交系主要是丹340及其衍生系,其中自交系丹598的多个衍生系成为国审玉米杂交种的亲本自交系;Reid群的亲本自交系数量最大,478衍生系数量达30多个,7922衍生系数量达20多个,5003的衍生系数量为10个以上;PB群的亲本自交系是78599直接选系及其衍生系,其中齐319已产生多个衍生系;Lancaster群的亲本自交系主要是Mo17的改良系。杂种优势模式类型中Reid×塘四平头杂交种所占的比例最大。

The maize hybrids and their parental lines approved by the nation from 2001 to 2012 were collected. The pedigree of their parental lines were analyzed and the pedigree map was drawn. Heterosis patterns of the maize hybrids were analyzed based on the heterosis population of the parental lines. The results showed that the inbred lines of Tangsipingtou population were derived from Huangzaosi and the leading lines were Ji853, Lx9801 and Chang7-2. The derivative lines were widely used. The inbred lines of Lvdahonggu population were Dan340 and its derived lines. Many inbred lines were derived from Dan598. The number of Reid population lines was largest. The derivative lines of 478 were more than 30, the improved lines of 7922 were more than 20 and that of 5003 were more than 10. The lines of PB population was the lines selected from 78599 and their derived lines. A lot of lines were de- rived from Qi319. The lines of Lancaster population were improved lines from Mo17. Thirty-eight inbred lines were the parental lines of more than two hybrids approved by the nation from 2001 to 2012. The largest proportion of het- erosis pattern was Reid xTangsipingtou. The purpose of the study was to find out the dynamic of corn breeding and the application of the germplasm, while selecting leader lines.