扬州市邗江区小麦田杂草调查与日本看麦娘的化学防除

Investigation on Weeds Species and Chemical Control of Alopecurus japonicus in Wheat Field of Hanjiang District of Yangzhou City

2014年对扬州市邗江区的麦田杂草进行了抽样调查,结果表明,小麦田禾本科杂草中优势种类为日本看麦娘、菵草、看麦娘和硬草;阔叶杂草优势种有猪殃殃、野老鹳草、牛繁缕和泥胡菜;日本看麦娘在所有调查田间的发生密度最大、频度最高,且丘陵山区的发生程度重于沿江地区。对日本看麦娘的田间药效试验结果表明,炔草酯、甲基二磺隆对该地区日本看麦娘的防除效果均不理想,7.5%啶磺草胺可湿性粉剂(WP)187.5 g/hm2对麦田日本看麦娘的防除效果较好,且对小麦生长安全,是该地区麦田防除日本看麦娘的理想药剂。

A weeds survey in wheat fields of Hanjiang district,Yangzhou City was carried out in 2014.Dominant grass species included Alopecurus japonicus,Beckmannia syzigachne,A.aequalis and Sclerochloa kengiana;the dominant broad-leaf weeds were Galium aparine var.tenerum,Geranium carolinianum,Malachium aquaticum and Hemistepta lyrata.A. japonicus was the most frequent species and had the highest density in all the fields investigated,and the occurrence de-gree of Alopecurus japonicus in hilly and mountain area were more serious than areas along the Yangtze River.In field control tests clodinafop-propargyl and mesosulfuron-methyl did not provide suitable control of A.japonicus but pyroxsu-lam 7.5%WP （187.5 g/hm2 ） proved effective and selective to wheat in this area.