重新认识马克思的失业理论

Re-understanding Marx′s Theory on Unemployment

过去我们把资本积累引起相对过剩人口 ,看作是马克思对资本主义失业的唯一解释。事实上 ,在马克思的政治经济学中 ,有着对失业的更丰富的论述。生产力的高度发展形成失业产生的历史前提 ;资本的专制引起劳动力供求的失衡 ;劳动力的计划配置可能成为解决失业的一种途径。这三个方面表明马克思对于失业有着一般和特殊两种理解。这证明失业具有超越社会制度的特性 ,不仅资本主义存在失业 。

In the past,we took it for granted that relative excess population caused by capital accumulation was the complete content of Marx′s theory on unemployment.In fact,Marx had given us more explanation in his political economics.The quick development of productive force is the prerequisite of unemployment;the sovereignty of capital gives rise to the imbalance of labor supply and demand;the plan disposition of labor will be the only way to solve the question.So we say Marx had general and special comprehension to unemployment.Unemployment exits,doesn′t depend on social system,in capitalist society and in socialist society.