更年期综合管理门诊患者健康状况调查

Physical Conditions of Comprehensive- managed Menopause Outpatients

目的调查北京大学第一医院更年期综合管理门诊患者的健康状况,以提高更年期妇女的生活质量。方法选择2012年7月—2013年8月北京大学第一医院更年期综合管理门诊的患者,以问卷形式调查其健康状况。结果共调查403例患者,平均绝经年龄为(48.8±4.9)岁。围绝经期综合征发生率为70.72%(285例),其中轻度158例(55.44%)、中度91例(31.93%)、重度36例(12.63%)。围绝经期症状中居前三位的依次为疲乏340例(84.37%)、骨关节肌肉痛310例(76.92%)、易激动309例(76.67%)。既往或目前患有的慢性疾病居前三位的依次为颈椎病186例(46.15%)、子宫肌瘤168例(41.69%)、高脂血症96例(23.82%)。将对更年期持有积极和坦然态度者列入积极态度组(n=248),持有担忧、回避、厌烦态度者列入消极态度组(n=155)。两组患者潮热出汗、感觉异常、失眠、易激动、抑郁或疑心、眩晕、疲乏、心悸的严重程度间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论更年期妇女围绝经期综合征发生率较高,围绝经期症状中居前三位的依次为疲乏、骨关节肌肉痛、易激动;以积极坦然的态度看待更年期者围绝经期综合征症状程度相对轻微。

Objective To investigate the health conditions of comprehensive-managed menopause（ MP） outpatients to improve their quality of life（ QOL）. Methods A questionnaire was preformed on physical conditions in MP outpatients who were managed comprehensively in the First Hospital of Peking University from July 2012 to August 2013. Results A total of 403 patients were investigated,their mean age of MP being（ 48. 8 ± 4. 9） years old. Perimenopausal symptom incidence was70. 72%（ 285 cases）; 158 patients had mild perimenopausal symptom（ 55. 44%）,91 had moderate（ 31. 93%）,36 had severe（ 12. 63%）. The top 3 symptoms were,in turns,fatigue（ 340 cases,84. 37%）,musculoskeletal pains（ 310 cases,76. 92%）,irritability（ 309 cases,76. 67%）. The top 3 chronic diseases（ past or present） were cervical spondylosis（ 186 cases,46. 15%）,uterine fibroids（ 168 cases,41. 69%）,hyperlipidemia（ 96 cases,23. 82%）. Those who had active attitudes to MP were enrolled in active group（ n = 248）,those who had negative attitudes were enrolled in negative group（ n =155）. There was significant difference in the degrees of hot flash sweating,paresthesia,insomnia,irritability,depression,suspicion,dizziness,fatigue,palpitation between 2 groups（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion The incidence of perimenopausal symptoms is high in MP patients,the top 3 symptoms are fatigue,musculoskeletal pains,irritability. The symptom degree of patients who have active attitudes to MP is relatively light.