我国高铁制动领域专利分散实证研究

An Empirical Research on Patent Distribution of High-speed Rail Brake

专利领域存在"反公地悲剧"的现象,其理论研究比较丰富,但相关实证研究相对缺乏。基于2003-2011年高铁制动技术的发明授权专利数据,采用帕累托系数、绝对指标和首位度法测量了我国高铁制动领域专利分布的趋势。研究发现,在高铁制动技术领域专利分布呈现先集中后分散的态势;专利态势受国家政策影响明显,应当实施专利集中等战略,避免和消除"反公共地悲剧"带来的不利影响。

Theoretical research on ＆quot;patent anti-commons＆quot; is already mature, but the empirical research is relatively deficient. Based on the patent data of high-speed rail brake from 2003 to 2011, this paper applies Pareto coefficient, absolute index and prime law measure to measure the patent distribution of high-speed rail brake. It is found that the patent distribution of high-speed rail brake in China experi-enced a concentrated stage first, and then a fragmentation tendency;the patent distribution trend is influenced by national policies clearly, and the strategy of ＂patent concentration＂ should be applied thus to avoid and eliminate the adverse effects caused by ＂tragedy of anti-commons＂.