基于细菌觅食算法的光伏阵列MPPT控制方法

Photovoltaic array MPPT control method based on bacterial foraging algorithm

针对光照不均匀条件下光伏阵列P-V输出特征呈现多波峰,传统算法无法摆脱局部最优值的缺点,提出了一种基于细菌觅食的优化算法,并首次应用于光伏阵列的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)。算法引入了趋向性操作,用以进行局部范围内的最优寻找。分析了光伏阵列在遮挡条件下输出功率的变化特性,然后使用细菌觅食算法进行了最大功率点跟踪控制方法实验。实验表明,该算法能够成功摆脱局部最优值的约束,快速寻找到全局最大功率点,控制精度高,为光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪提供了一种新的实现方法。

In view of presenting multiple peak points of the P-V output characteristic carve of photovoltaic array when it is partially shaded which makes traditional MPPT algorithms work improperly, a novel MPPT algorithm based on bacteria foraging optimization（BFO） is proposed and applied in MPPT for the first time. The algorithm introduces the chemotaxis operation for optimum seeking within the scope of local. Based on the analysis of the output characteristic of photovoltaic array under partial shaded, the BFOA is used in the MPPT. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm succeeds in tracking the global maximum power point quickly in 15 steps. It proves that BFOA is an effective method for MPPT getting rid of the local optimums and with good searching precession, it provides a new way to solve the MPPT problem.