先秦两汉时期疑问代词“奚”的用法分析

Study of the Interrogative Pronoun "Xi" in Pre- Qin and Han Dynasties

通过对先秦两汉时期文献中疑问代词"奚"的用例分析,来考察疑问代词"奚"在使用范围、指代内容以及句法功能等方面与同时期疑问代词"何"的异同。疑问代词"奚"在战国时期的语料中有着与疑问代词"何"抗争的痕迹,但是由于疑问代词"奚"的出现范围远远不及疑问代词"何",加之"何"用法的完备和灵活,以及语言经济原则的制约,使得"奚"最终还是被淘汰了。

This paper,based on an analysis of the use of ＂ xi＂ the interrogative pronoun in pre- Qin and Han dynasty literature,examines the differences and similarities between ＂ xi＂ and another interrogative pronoun ＂ he＂ used in the same era,from aspects of range of use,content and syntactic function,etc.. It is noted that in the corpus collected from the Warring States Period, ＂ xi＂ and ＂ he＂ were used alternately,while eventually ＂ xi＂ was no longer used due to the fact that it had a far more narrow range of use than ＂ he＂,and that ＂ he＂ developed a complete and flexible set of usage,along with the restriction of linguistic economic principle.