“不会不”与“一定”

"Buhuibu" and "Yiding"

"不会不"和"一定"的情态义与主语人称密切相关。主语是第一人称时,"不会不"和"一定"一般表示道义情态[保证],但"不会不"也可表示认识情态[盖然]。主语是第二、三人称时,"一定"一般表示认识情态[必然],"不会不"表示认识情态[盖然],但主语是第三人称时,"一定"有时也可表示道义情态[要求]。句法方面,"一定"能跟述补短语搭配,而"不会不"不能,原因在于"不会不"的双重否定结构特点。句子类型方面,"不会不"出现在假设句中,经常表示委婉的请求或者问询,在疑问句中,"不会不"表示委婉的揣度或问询,而"一定"则没有这些语用特点。

The subject＇s person is closely related with the modality meaning of ＂ buhuibu＂ and ＂ yiding＂. When the subject of a sentence is the first person, ＂ buhuibu＂ and ＂ yiding＂ mean deontic modal meaning ＂ guarantee＂ in general,but ＂ buhuibu＂ also means epistemic modal meaning ＂ probable＂. When the subject of a sentence is the second and third person, ＂ yiding＂ means epistemic modal meaning ＂ inevitable＂ in general; ＂ buhuibu＂ always means epistemic modal meaning ＂ probable＂. However,when the subject of a sentence is the third person,sometimes ＂ yiding＂ has deontic modal meaning of ＂ require＂. In the syntax, ＂ yiding＂ can match verb- complement phrase,but ＂ buhuibu＂ can＇t. The double negation structure of ＂ buhuibu＂ results in differences in the syntax. In the aspect of sentence category,when ＂ buhuibu＂ appears in a hypothetical clause,it means euphemistic request or inquiry. In questions, ＂ buhuibu＂ means euphemistic inquiry,while ＂ Yiding＂ doesn＇t have these pragmatic features.