国外公交导向发展保障措施及其借鉴性探讨

Safeguarding Policy for Transit-Oriented Development and Its Transferability for China

为解决快速城镇化和机动化带来的交通拥堵问题,开展公交导向发展为解决方案的治堵措施研究.基于国外成功经验及相关文献资料对公交导向发展的有效实施从土地利用、城市设计、城市治理、公交服务质量、小汽车限制政策以及房地产政策六个方面建立了公交导向发展的保障性政策框架,并结合国内制度环境和城市发展现状对该政策框架的借鉴性进行了探讨,指出公交导向发展在国内城市中的成功应用取决于土地开发现状、政策法规和组织环境以及社会接纳性三方面因素.

Aiming at the rapid urbanization process and motorization,the Transit-Oriented Development（ TOD） is adopted as a solution for the increasingly serious traffic congestion problem. Given this background and based on successful worldwide experience with TOD and relevant literatures on TOD,a policy framework is formulated that contains six preconditions for effective TOD,including dense and diverse land-use,aesthetic urban design,good urban governance,good public transport service,private car restricting policies and real estate policies. The transferability issue of the policy framework to China is discussed,and it is proposed that the status-quo of urban land-use pattern,the institutional and organizational structure,as well as the wider societal acceptance are key factors determining the effectiveness of TOD in China.