学生对教师的暴力:现状、解释及干预

Student Violence against Teachers: the Status quo, Interpretation, and Intervention

学生对教师的暴力是学生实施的任何破坏教师的教育教学活动,或使教师遭受身心伤害、财产损失和威胁的行为。目前,研究者在学生对教师的暴力的现状、影响因素和后果等方面开展了相应的实证研究。社会生态学理论、社会控制理论和社会解组理论都有助于理解和解释学生对教师的暴力,A-B-C模型(先行条件—行为—结果)也是一种可行的研究框架或理论模型。学生对教师的暴力的预防和干预,需要从教师受害的影响因素入手,通过对相关变量进行干预,达到对暴力的事前预防与事后缓解消极后果的目的。学生对教师的暴力的未来研究可以从完善测量工具、扩充调查对象、进行跨文化比较、开展干预研究、分析社会地位与暴力的关系以及网络与现实暴力之间的关系等方面拓展。

Student violence against teachers refers to any damage made by students amid teachers＇ educational activities and teaching activities, or the behaviors that make teachers threatened, or bother teachers with physical and psychological harm, and lead to damage of property. Currently, empirical research has been carried out on the status quo, influencing factors and consequences of student violence against teachers. Social ecological theory, social control theory, and social disorganization theory are conducive to understand and explain student violence against teachers, and A-B-C model is also a practicable research framework and theoretical model. As to prevention and intervention, it should be based on the influencing factors of teachers＇ victimization. And it should be given a priority to improve the measuring tools and expand the samples of the survey. Future research should be focused on cross-cultural studies, empirical support of intervention programs, the relationship between social status and violence, and the relationship between cyber-violence and real violence against teachers.