巴色会与广东客家人下南洋关系考略

The Study of Basel Mission and Guangdong Hakka's Immigration to Southeast Asia

巴色会在中国以客家人为主要传教对象。进入中国后,巴色会传教士以香港为基地,一方面向内地客家人传教,成功吸引了大量客家信徒,再借由殖民政府与传教组织之间的联系,招募客家籍信徒,赴南洋开垦,从而建立起了一条完整的移民和传教链条,提供了一个跨国的横向流动网络。在这个移民网络中,香港是一个中间支点,广东客家地区是出发地,东南亚是目的地,巴色会则是其中的一根链条。巴色会传教士以传教为目的,却促成了历史上一部分广东客家人向南洋的移民,对广东客家人的海外移民史产生了一定的影响。

In China, Hakka is the main missionary object of Basel Mission. After entering China, the Basel Missionary Society based in Hong Kong preached to the mainland Hakka, and successfully attracted a large number of Hakka believers, whom, through the link between the colonial government and missionary organizations, they recruited for the Reclamation in Southeast Asia, establishing a complete chain of immigration and missionary and providing a transverse cross-border immigration network, with Hong Kong as an intermediate pivot, the Hakka area of Guangdong as the starting point, and Southeast Asia as the destination. With preaching as its purpose, Basel Missionaries contributed to the Guangdong Hakka's immigration to Southeast Asia, and exerted some impact on the history of Guangdong Hakka immigration.