《采菽堂古诗选》对《文选》的批评与修正

Cai Shu Tang Anthology of Poetry's Criticism and Correction of Wen Xuan

清初诗论家陈祚明编选《采菽堂古诗选》时参照了昭明《文选》。陈祚明对《文选》的态度是辩证的。一方面,他认为《文选》鉴裁得当,保存了许多经典的古诗;另一方面,他认为也有一些弊端:以文体为类,一人作品割裂为四五处,不利于读者获得完整的诗史观,反而易于使人剽窃华丽词藻,无法获得"学古之益";选诗过严,漏选了很多优秀的作品;着重于修辞,"未及推其(作者)用心所存";《文选》注专注于典故,不关心选家之心。针对这些问题,陈祚明在分类标准、选录原则与情辞关系方面进行了针对性的修正。

As an early Qing critic, Chen Zuoming referred to Wen Xuan when he compiled the Cai Shu Tang Anthology of Poetry.Chen's attitudes towards Wen Xuan were dialectical: on one hand, he admitted that Wen Xuan had preserved a lot of classical poetries;on the other hand, he thought that there were several drawbacks in this book. For example, it used style as classification criteria, so as to disperse works of one author into four or five different places, making it not convenient for readers to understand the history of poetry as a whole, on the contrary, but easy for them to plagiarize beautiful words, thus unable to benefit from ancient poems. What 's more, Wen Xuan's standards of selection was too severe and omitted many good works; It emphasized rhetoric, without caring about the authors' intentions; Its annotations focused on allusions instead of the compiler 's intentions. Therefore, when compiling Cai Shu Tang Anthology of Poetry, Chen took corresponding countermeasures to solve these problems.