水稻主栽品种病虫侵害风险及田间抗性综合评价

Integrative Evaluation on the Resistance and Invasion Risk of Pests and Diseases Among Main Rice Varieties

为探讨水稻主栽品种病虫侵害风险和综合抗性,采用田间多点自然诱发法对杭州地区11个水稻主栽品种的主要病虫害抗性进行综合评价。结果表明,应用多目标综合评价和决策方法,对田间主要病虫的综合抗性强弱排序为:‘甬优538’>‘甬优12号’>‘秀水134’>‘甬优15号’>‘浙优18号’>‘丰两优香1号’>‘甬优8号’>‘甬优9号’>‘中浙优1号’>‘中浙优8号’>‘天优华占’,表现为高抗、中抗的品种分别为4个、5个,中感、高感各1个;2个试验点在褐飞虱、白背飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟、纹枯病等当年田间发生量大的病虫抗性分析结果较一致,而零星发生的病虫上表现的抗感程度有差异。经多目标决策法分辨各目标性质并作相应变换,两地各品种的总体抗性评价排序较一致,父本亲缘关系相近的水稻品种具有相近的综合抗性。根据品种结构与抗性变化制定综合防治策略,可为不同品种布局下的病虫害监测预警和防控提供依据。

In order to explore the invasion risk and synthetic resistance of diseases and insect pests amongmain rice varieties, a resistance evaluation of 11 rice varieties was tested by using methods of natural inducingin field. The results showed that the resistances of these rice varieties to main diseases and insect pests weresorted from high to low like the following：‘Yongyou No.538＇,‘Yongyou No.12＇,‘Xiushui 134＇,‘YongyouNo.15＇,‘Zheyou No.18＇,‘Feng two Yuka No.1＇,‘Yongyou No.8＇,‘Yongyou No.9＇,‘Zhongzheyou No.1＇,‘Zhongzheyou No.8＇,‘Tianyouhuazhan＇. Among these varieties, the first four ones are high resistance, thenext five ones for middle resistance and the remaining two varieties for high and middle sensibilityrespectively. The evaluation results of rice resistance were identical in the two tested field to main diseases andinsect pests, and slightly difference to sporadic ones. By using the method of Multiple Goal Decision for targetanalysis and making corresponding conversion, the evaluations of synthetic resistances were in good agreementbetween the two tested fields. Via the analysis to the genetic relationship, it was found that the rice varietieswith closer male parents had more similar resistance. We made integrated control strategy according to theanalysis of variety characteristics and resistance changes, which would provide evidence for monitoring, earlywarning and management of diseases and insect pests under different varieties distribution.