煤渣在烤烟生产上的应用研究

Research on Application Coal Cinder in Flue-cured Tobacco Production

为研究煤渣在烤烟种植中的作用,实现煤渣在烤烟生产上的废物利用,采用田间试验研究不同煤渣用量和施用方式对烤烟农艺性状及产量品质的影响。结果表明:增施煤渣能明显改善烤烟的农艺性状,提高烤烟的经济性状,使烤后烟叶内部化学成分更趋协调。所有处理中以T4处理(750 kg/hm2煤渣堆沤穴施、15000 kg/hm2干煤渣撒施)最佳,产量较对照增加126 kg/hm2,提高了5.22个百分点,产值较对照增加4042.05元/hm2,提高了9.11个百分点,均价较对照增加0.68元/kg,提高了3.71个百分点,上等烟率较对照提高了16.75个百分点。施用煤渣后,土壤的砷含量和烤后烟叶的铬含量大幅度下降,土壤砷含量(除T3处理外)降低了98%以上,烤后烟叶铬含量降低了86.5%以上。

In order to investigate the effect of coal cinder in flue-cured tobacco planting, realize the wasteutilization of coal cinder in flue- cured tobacco production, a field experiment was carried out at differentdosage coal cinder and different application patterns, the tobacco agronomic traits, tobacco quality andeconomic traits were evaluated. The results showed that： by using coal cinder, the tobacco agronomic traits andeconomic traits were bettered, the internal chemical constituents of roast tobacco leaf were be morecoordination. Among all the treatments, the T4 treatment（hole applying coal cinder 750 kg/hm2 andbroadcasting coal cinder 15000 kg/hm2） was best improved tobacco economic traits. Compared with T9treatment（none coal application）, the yield increased 126 kg/hm2, increased by 5.22%; the output valueincreased 4042.05 yuan/hm2, increased by 9.11%; the average price increased 0.68 yuan/kg, increased by3.71%; the high class leaf ratio increased by 16.75%. After applying coal cinder, the heavy metals of arsenic inthe soil and chromium in the roast tobacco leaf were reduced significant. The arsenic in the soil（except T3）and the chromium in the roast leaf were reduced more than 98%, 86.5% respectively.