广西甘蔗病毒病害调查及病原病毒鉴定

Disease survey and identification of viruses in sugarcane in Guangxi

【目的】了解广西甘蔗病毒病种类和发生情况,明确其病原病毒种类及分布,为针对性地开展甘蔗病毒病防治提供理论依据。【方法】2012～2013年对广西14个地市主要甘蔗种植区的甘蔗病毒病害发生情况进行调查采样,用RT-PCR等方法对田间采集的疑似病毒病样品进行病原鉴定。【结果】广西蔗区发生的病毒病主要为甘蔗花叶病,在全区范围内普遍发生;甘蔗黄叶病在大部分蔗区发生,但程度不及甘蔗花叶病。采集的192个样品中有116个样品检测出病毒,分别是高粱花叶病毒（Sr MV,占47.9%）、甘蔗花叶病毒（SCMV,占15.6%）和甘蔗黄叶病毒（SCYLV,占6.8%）,其中Sr MV和SCMV复合感染占5.7%,Sr MV和SCYLV复合感染占1.6%,SCMV和SCYLV复合感染占2.1%,Sr MV、SCMV和SCYLV 3种病毒复合感染占1.6%。【结论】目前广西甘蔗种植区发生的甘蔗病毒病主要由Sr MV和SCMV引起,且病毒复合感染较严重,需在甘蔗健康种苗的培育和生产中加强病毒检测。

【Objective 】The viral pathogens and their proportion of occurrence in sugarcane in Guangxi Province were studied to provide theoretical references for the control of sugarcane viral diseases. 【Method 】A disease survey of sugarcane was conducted in major growing areas of 14 cities in Guangxi Province. Leaf samples were collected from sugarcane fields between May 2012 and December 2013 for laboratory virus testing by one-step RT-PCR method.【Result 】Sugarcane mosaic disease was the most prevalent viral disease in sugarcane growing areas of Guangxi Province, and it can be observed and detected in all sampling fields. Sugarcane yellow leaf disease also occurred in most sampling fields, but it was less serious than sugarcane mosaic disease. Of the 192 field samples selected, 116 were determined to be positive for virus, among them, 92 samples（ 47.9%） were positive for sorghum mosaic virus（Sr MV）, 30 samples（15.6%） were positive for sugarcane mosaic virus（SCMV）, and 13 samples（6.8%） were pos-itive for sugarcane yellow leaf virus（SCYLV）. Co-infection occurred among those positive samples, 11 samples（5.7%）were co-infected with Sr MV and SCMV, 3 samples（1.6%） were co-infected with Sr MV and SCYLV, and 4 samples（2.1%） were co-infected with SCMV and SCYLV. There were 3 samples（1.6%） triply infected with Sr MV, SCMV and SCYLV. 【 Conclusion 】 Currently sugarcane viral disease is mainly caused by Sr MV and SCMV in sugarcane growing areas in Guangxi Province, and co-infection with different viruses is relatively common in sugarcane, which should be paid more attention in the production of virus-free seed cane and sugarcane breeding.