灌溉与施肥方式对红麻纤维产量和品质的影响

Effects of irrigation and fertilization methods on fiber yield and quality of kenaf

【目的】研究灌溉与施肥方式对不同品种红麻纤维产量和品质的影响,了解红麻水肥利用特点,为红麻高产高效栽培水肥管理提供合理依据。【方法】供试红麻品种分别为福红992和红优2号,采用沟灌(F)和滴灌(D)两种灌溉处理和60%N、K肥作基肥,40%N、K肥作追肥处理(T1)、40%N、K肥作基肥,60%N、K肥作追肥处理(T2)和20%N、K肥作基肥,80%N、K肥作追肥处理(T3)等3种施肥处理,两品种分别另设置不灌溉、不施肥的对照处理(CKH和CKF)。收获后,测定红麻纤维产量、强力和线密度。【结果】红优2号DT2处理纤维产量最高,为14.5 t/ha,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05,下同),T1和T2处理下滴灌处理纤维产量均高于沟灌处理;FT1处理纤维强力和纤维线密度均为最大,分别为484.1 N和8.580 T,T1和T2处理下沟灌处理纤维强力和纤维线密度均显著高于滴灌处理。福红992 FT2处理组合产量最高,为11.5 t/ha,同种施肥方式下,不同灌溉方式对产量影响不显著(P>0.05,下同);FT3处理纤维强力和纤维线密度均为最大,分别为448.3 N和7.327 T,同种施肥方式下,不同灌溉方式对纤维强力和纤维线密度影响不显著。【结论】红优2号采用DT2和FT1处理时可分别获得较高产量及较优品质,福红992采用FT2处理时其产量和品质较优。

【Objective 】The effects of irrigation and fertilization management on fiber yield and quality were studied to investigate the character of water and fertilizer use and provide rational irrigation and fertilization for high yield and high efficient cultivation of kenaf. 【 Method 】 The field experiments included two kenaf varieties, i. e. Fuhong 992 and Hongyou 2; 2 irrigation modes,i.e. furrow irrigation（F） and drip irrigation（D）; 3 fertilization modes,i.e. T1（60%N fertilizers as basal fertilizer）,T2（40% N fertilizers as basal fertilizer）,T3（20% N fertilizers as basal fertilizer）. No irrigation or fertilization was set for CK treatment. 【 Result 】 The fiber yield of DT2 treatment of Hongyou 2 was the highest, which was 14.5 t/ha, and it was significantly higher than the other treatments（P〈0.05, the same as below）.Fiber yield of T1 and T2treatment on drip irrigation was higher than the treatment on furrow irrigation. Fiber strength and fiber linear density of FT1 treatment of Hongyou 2 were the highest, which was 484.1 N and 8.580 T. Fiber strength and fiber linear density of T1 and T2treatment under furrow irrigation were significantly higher than those on drip irrigation treatment. The fiber yield of FT2 treatment of Fuhong 992 was the highest, which was 11.5 t/ha. With the same fertilization methods, the effects of different irrigation methods on yield were not significant（ P〉0. 05, the same as below）. Fiber strength and fiber linear density of FT3 treatment of Fuhong 992 were the highest, which was 448.3N and 7.327 T. With the same fertilization modes, different irrigation methods on fiber strength and fiber linear density were not significantly affected. 【 Conclusion 】 The yield and quality of Hongyou 2 are better under DT2 and FT1combined treatment, and the yield and quality of Fuhong are better under FT2 treatment.