地木耳可栽培性能试验初报

Primary report on cultivable performance of Nostoc commune

【目的】探讨地木耳的可栽培性能,为实现人工培育地木耳提供参考依据。【方法】分别进行地木耳打浆后在高湿条件下培育、地木耳充分吸水后分栽及野外采集的干品分栽,对比分析其在蛭石、珍珠岩、沙子、石子、泥土、泥土+覆苔藓、石子+覆苔藓、泥土+覆草皮及野外泥地等不同基质中人工栽培的成活率及产量表现。【结果】地木耳打浆液以石子、沙子、珍珠岩、蛭石为栽培基质,在高湿条件下可培育出球状体地木耳,其叶绿素a、可溶性蛋白、总糖含量较野生地木耳的低。地木耳充分吸水后分栽时,持续高湿条件加速其自溶;遮雨棚下筐式栽培地木耳,以泥土为栽培基质的地木耳损失最多,石子、珍珠岩为栽培基质的地木耳干重变化小,但地木耳并未扩展蔓延;野外条件下以沙子、石子、沙石、草皮及泥土为基质栽培地木耳,大量地木耳个体自溶消失。野外采集的地木耳干品分栽时,持续高湿条件有利于其恢复生长,以煤灰为栽培基质长势更佳。【结论】打浆后的地木耳片段或细胞具有再生能力,野外收集的地木耳在减少损伤、高湿状态下正放栽培可恢复生长,说明地木耳可进行人工栽培。

【Objective 】The cultivable performance of Nostoc commune was studied to provide references for artifi-cial cultivation of nostoc commune. 【 Method 】 Pulped Nostoc commune was cultivated under high humidity condition.After fully absorbing water, Nostoc commune was transplanted, or dry Nostoc commune collected from the wild was transplanted. The survival rates and yield performances of artificial cultivation were comparatively analyzed on different culture substrates such as vermiculite, perlite, sand, gravel, clay, clay covered with moss, gravel covered with moss, clay covered with turf and wild clay. 【Result 】Pulped Nostoc commune with culture substrates of gravel, sand,perlite and vermiculite, under high humidity condition showed the form of glomeration with lower chlorophyll, soluble protein and total sugar content than wild Nostoc commune. High humidity condition accelerated autolysis of Nostoc commune transplanted after absorbing water fully. Nostoc commune planted on basket under awning with clay as culture substrate lost weight most. Nostoc commune taking gravel and perlite as culture substrate respectively changed little in dry weight, while Nostoc commune did not spread. Nostoc commune planted in wild with sand, gravel, sand with gravel, turf and clay as culture substrates respectively, autolyzed and disappeared in the form of individuals.Continued high humidity condition was conducive to growth recovery of dry Nostoc commune collected from wild, especially taking coal ash as culture substrate. 【Conclusion 】Fragments or cells of pulped Nostoc commune have regenerative capacity and nostoc commune collected from wild can resume growth when transplanted in reducing damage and high humidity condition, which shows that Nostoc commune can be artificially cultivated.