认知行为团体咨询对大学生抑郁症状的干预效果

Intervention effects of cognitive-behavioral group counseling in college students with depression symptom

目的:探讨认知行为团体咨询对大学生抑郁症状的干预效果。方法:于2013年3月和9月共招募存在轻中度抑郁症状的大学生80名[Beck抑郁问卷第二版(BDI-II)得分为5≤BDI-II<21],将其随机分至干预组(n=40)或对照组(n=40),干预组接受为期8周的认知行为团体咨询,对照组在干预期和追踪期不接受任何处理。在基线水平、8周干预后及随访3个月末通过BDI-II、生活满意度问卷(LSR)、大学生解释风格问卷(ESQ)及社会问题解决问卷中文版(C-SPIS)来评估干预效果。结果:BDI-II、LSR、消极解释风格(CN)、消极问题定向(NPO)以及积极问题定向(PPO)评分的分组与时间的交互效应均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。进一步简单效应分析表明:基线水平,两组各量表得分差异均无统计学意义(均P<0.05);8周干预后,干预组的BDI-II得分低于对照组[(6.6±3.1)vs.(10.3±4.1),P<0.001];随访3个月末,干预组的BDI-II、CN、NPO得分均低于对照组[(4.5±2.2)vs.(12.6±4.6),(12.2±1.2)vs.(14.9±1.2),(12.8±2.5)vs.(16.9±2.8),均P<0.05],而LSR和PPO得分均高于对照组[(4.3±0.9)vs.(3.5±1.0),(18.3±2.7)vs.(16.7±2.0),均P<0.05]。结论:认知行为团体咨询能有效降低抑郁症状,促进解释风格的积极转变,并提升问题解决能力,增进生活满意度。

Objective：To evaluate the effects of the intervention of cognitive-behavioral group counseling for college students with depression symptom.Methods：During March and September in 2013,80 subjects with mild or moderate depression symptoms（5 ≤ BDI-Ⅱ ＜ 21） recruited from college students were randomly assigned to the intervention group （n =40） and waiting list control group （n =40）.The participants in intervention group received cognitive-behavioral group counseling for 8 weeks,while the participants in waiting list control group just wait in intervention period and follow-up.All participants were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory （BDI-Ⅱ）,Life Satisfaction Rating Scale （LSR）,Explanatory Style Questionnaire （ESQ）,and the Chinese Social Problem-solving Inventory （C-SPSI） at base line,8 weeks after the intervention and three months after the end of intervention.Results：The interactive effect between group and time of BDI-Ⅱ,LSR,composite negative style（CN）,Negative Problem Orientation （NPO） and Positive Problem Orientation （PPO） were statistically significant （Ps ＜ 0.05）.Separate analyses showed that at baseline,there was no significant difference between two groups in all vari-ables.At the end of the intervention,BDI-Ⅱ scores were lower in intervention group than in control group[（6.6 ± 3.1）vs.（10.3 ±4.1）,P ＜0.001].Three months after the intervention,BDI-Ⅱ,CN and NPO scores were all lowerin intervention group than in control group [（4.5 ± 3.2） vs.（12.6 ± 4.6）,（12.2 ± 1.2） vs.（14.9 ± 1.2）,（12.8 ± 2.5）vs.（16.9 ± 2.8）,Ps ＜ 0.05],and LSR and PPO scores were higher in intervention group than in control group[（4.3 ± 0.9） vs.（3.5 ± 1.0）,（18.3 ± 2.7） vs.（16.7 ± 2.0）,Ps ＜ 0.05].Conclusion：Cognitive-behavioral group counseling could effectively reduce the level of depressive symptoms,promote the positive transformation of explanatory style,enhance the ability of solving problems,and improve the life satisfaction.