油气长输管道泄漏检测技术研究

Study on Long-distance Oil and Gas Pipeline Leak Detection Technology

管道泄漏检测技术是长距离油气输送管道正常运营的重要保障。归纳总结了国内外油气管道泄漏检测技术,并进行了简单介绍。目前,可以实现连续在线检测的方法主要有实时瞬态模型法、序贯概率比检验法、负压波法、分布式光纤检测法和声发射检测法。详细分析了这五种技术的原理、优缺点和工程应用情况,并在误报率、泄漏孔的大小、泄漏位置等几个方面进行了对比分析,为油气管道检漏方案的选择提供借鉴。

Pipeline leak detection technology is so important that it guarantees the normal operation of long-distance oil & nature gas pipeline.Summarized and introduced briefly are domestic and foreign pipeline leak detection technologies.At present,the technologies which can be applied to continuous on-line detection mainly include Real Time Transient Model,Sequential Probability Ratio Test,Negative Pressure Wave,Fiber Optic Cable Detection and Acoustic Emission Detection.In particular,discussed are principles,advantages and disadvantages and engineering application of the five detection technologies and conducted is contrastive analysis on false alarm rates,size of the leak holes and leak positions of these technologies and analysis results can provide valuable reference for selection of leak detection technologies.