甘油缩甲醛的合成工艺优化

Optimization of the Synthetic Process of Glycerol Formal

在强酸催化剂作用下,多聚甲醛与甘油发生缩合反应生成甘油缩甲醛。系统考察了催化剂的种类和用量、物料配比及带水剂环己烷用量对反应的影响,优化了反应条件。结果表明,当以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂(加入量为1.5 g/0.5 mol甘油),m(多聚甲醛)∶m(甘油)为1∶2.9,环己烷用量为100 m L,反应时间为2.5 h时合成工艺最优,产率达到91.4%。

Glycerol formal was synthesized by the condensation reaction using glycerin and paraformaldehyde as row materials and under strong acids as catalyst. The main influence factors including the types and amounts of catalyst, molar rate of paraformaldehyde to glycerin and the amount of cyclohexane were investigated. The result showed that the optimal synthesis conditions were as follows, using p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst and the amount of it is 1.5 g per 0.5 mole glycerin, the molar ratio of paraformaldehyde to glycerin is 1 ： 2.9, cyclohexane is 100 mL, reaction time is 2.5 h. Under this condition, the yield is 91.4 %.