2011—2012年度冬春季东洞庭湖周边家禽养殖户环境标本中禽流感病毒的调查

Detection of avian influenza virus in poultry raising farms around East Dongting Lake,China,2011-2012

目的了解东洞庭湖地区的家鸭养殖户的环境标本中禽流感病毒(AIV)的分布情况。方法 2011—2012年度冬春季在东洞庭湖周边的家鸭养殖户连续6个月采集环境标本。采用反转录-聚合酶链反应和病毒分离方法进行标本检测。结果每月采集家鸭养殖户环境标本200份左右。环境标本flu A核酸总阳性率为5.32%,其中粪便标本、水标本(禽类饮水、池塘水、污水等)的flu A核酸阳性率分别为5.01%、5.83%,二者差异无统计学意义。在重点采集的水标本中,禽类饮水、池塘水flu A核酸阳性率分别为6.32%、4.12%,二者差异无统计学意义。共分离到5株病毒,亚型分别为H5N1、H4N2、H3N6。结论在洞庭湖地区常年开展AIV监测,以及时发现野禽-家禽之间的AIV传播机制,为AIV的有效防控提供依据。

Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza viruses in environment of poultry raising farms around East Dongting Lake. Methods Environmental samples w ere collected from the poultry raising farms around East Dongting Lake during the w inter-spring of 2011-2012 for six consecutive months for virus isolation and RT PCR detection. Results About 200 environmental samples w ere collected every month. The overall positive rate of avian influenza virus w as 5. 32%,and the positive rate w as 5. 01% in fecal samples and 5. 83% in w ater samples. The difference had significance. The positive rates in drinking w ater and pool w ater w ere 6. 32% and 4. 12%,respectively.The difference had no significance. Five strains of avian viruses w ere isolated,belonging to H5N1,H4N2 and H3N6 viruses. Conclusion It is necessary to conduct regular surveillance for avian influenza viruses all the year round to understand the transmission mechanism of the viruses betw een w ild poultry and domestic poultry and provide evidence for the effective prevention and control of human infection w ith avian influenza virus.