中国道路的内涵、基础与意义

The Meaning, Foundation and Significance of China Road

中国道路不是泛指"中国的道路",不是泛泛地谈论鸦片战争以来的中国现代化道路,不是新民主主义革命和社会主义建设的道路,而是特指改革开放以来形成和发展起来的中国特色社会主义道路。它的实质在于探索后发国家如何现代化的问题,即不同于西方资本主义现代化模式的新型现代化道路。中国道路的深层理论基础是马克思主义,特别是历史统一性和多样性辩证关系学说、社会基本矛盾学说、马克思主义政治经济学中的价值规律和市场规律学说、科学社会主义学说的运用和体现。它的意义在于,一是突破现代化只能走西方化或美国化道路的偏狭之见,破除了现代化只能移植西方的新自由主义和民主制度模式的思想障碍,彰显了不同于西方的多样现代化,为发展中国家提供了结合本国实际实现现代化的样本;二是作为实现中国梦的有效途径,使得中华民族伟大复兴有了现实可能性,这种复兴是把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家,而不是寻求世界霸权;三是作为马克思主义中国化的创新成果丰富和发展了科学社会主义,有力驳斥了福山的历史终结论。

China road refers especially to the socialist road with Chinese characteristics formed and developed since the reform and opening up instead of the general road to modernization since the Opium War and the general road to the new-democratic revolution and to the socialist modernization drive. Different from the new road of modernization with the characteristics of Western capitalist modernization, the essence of China road is to explore how underdeveloped countries are modemized. Deep theoretical foundation of China road is Marxism, particularly it manifests in the doctrine of dialectical relationship between historical unity and diversity, the doctrine of basic social contradictions, the doctrine of the law of value and the law of market of Marxist political economy and the doctrine of scientific socialism. What counts in China road is that, first, China road breaks through the stereotypes that modernization can only take the Westernized or American road and only transplant Western neo-liberalism and democracy and provides a sample of realizing the modernization with their real situations for developing countries; secondly, as an effective way to realize the Chinese dream, China road opens up a possibility for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation that would turn China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modem socialist country rather than seeking world hegemony; thirdly, as an innovation of Marxism in China, China road enriches and develops scientific socialism and strongly refute Fukuyama＇s end of history.