现代汉语代动词“来”新论

A Discussion on Pro-verb“lai”(来)in Mandarin Chinese

传统认为的现代汉语代动词"来"应该分为两类:代动词"来1"和"来+宾语"中的泛义动词"来2"。"来1"在不带宾语并在具体的语境中替代唯一可以被确定的具体动词时是代动词。"来+宾语"这一结构中的"来2"不是代动词,而是语义泛化了的位移动词。两者在性质、来源、语义、语法特征及语用功能等方面都呈现出差异。

Mandarin Chinese lai, which has traditionally been regarded only as a pro-verb, should be divided into two entities, the pro-verb lai （lai1） and the generic lai＋ O （lai2）. Lai is a pro-verb when it is not followed by an object and can be substituted by a specific verb in a con- crete context, lai in “lai ＋ O” structure is not a pro-verb but a displaceable verb with generalized semantics. With regard to property, source, semantics, grammatical features and pragmatic functions, both pro-verb lai and the generic verb lai ＋ O exhibit clear distinctions.