跨界含水层法条款草案的治理价值与作用

On Governance Value and Function of Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers

对于跨界含水层的开发利用、保护与管理问题,目前所形成的跨界含水层法条款草案不是对既有的习惯国际法的编纂,也没有成为开放性的条约文本或软法文件。但是,条款草案依托和反映的是既有的国际法原则,因而在总体上蕴含着一种框架原则性的"协同"效力。条款草案的治理价值与功能在于,它使各国考虑、兼顾他国的主权和利益,并审慎地决策和行动,诱导有关国家就跨界含水层问题达成双边协定和区域安排。条款草案形成了"权利义务柔性平衡"的治理结构,以及以框架义务为基础的动态治理模式,这是治理跨界地下水资源问题的适宜路径和方法。中国应当根据条款草案采取必要的响应策略,在跨界含水层问题上正确地维护本国利益,并积极推进国际协调合作。

With regard to problems of exploitation,protection and management on transboundary aquifers,present draft articles on the law of transboundary aquifers are neither codification of customary international law,nor a treaty text or soft law document. However,owing to the reliance on and reflection of existing fundamental of international law,draft articles as a whole inherently contain "accordance"force in the framework. Governance value and function of draft articles is to make each state consider sovereignty and interest of other states,prudently make decision and take action,and induce the states concerned to make appropriate bilateral or regional arrangements. Draft articles have formulated a kind of governance structure of "soft balance between right and obligation",and dynamic governance model based on framework obligation,which should be an appropriate path and method of governance on transboundary groundwater resource. China should take into account the provisions of draft articles,take necessary response strategy to properly safeguard national interest and push international coordination and cooperation in the field of transboundary aquifers.