跨喜马拉雅视角下的西藏西部新石器时代

Neolithic Age of Western Tibet:A Trans-Himalayan Perspective

一、引言目前整个西藏高原已经确认的新石器时代文化有西藏东部以昌都卡若遗址为代表的卡若文化（距今55004000年）[1]、西藏中部以拉萨曲贡遗址为代表的曲贡文化（距今40003000年）[2];另外,在雅鲁藏布江下游的藏东南地区尚存在一些新石器时代遗址,被称之为"林芝类型"[3]。上述藏东和西藏中部的新石器时代晚期考古学文化都具有强烈的"地方性",文化面貌上仍有很大差异[4],应与各自所处的生态区位关系密切。西藏西部生态条件和藏东、藏中迥然有别,迄今除发现过一系列石器采集地点外。

Based on the archaeological evidences from western Tibet and Swat and Kashmir Valleys, this paper argues that there were indeed local traditions of Neolithic cultures of the northwestern subcontinent, but its connection with outside areas, especially the Tibet of China could not be denied. The evidences showed trans-Himalayan transmission in small scale. Karub Culture in the eastern Tibet and Dingzhong Huzhuzi Site in the southwestern Tibet might have been the connecting points of trans-Himalayan Neolithic interactions, and this small scale cultural penetrating should be explained in the background of long-distance trans-Himalayan trade.