湖北随州叶家山西周墓地出土数字卦鼎及相关问题

The Fangding with Digital Divinatory Symbols Unearthed at the Yejiashan Cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty at Suizhou City,Hubei and Relevant Issues

《考古》2012年第7期刊发了湖北随州市叶家山西周墓地的发掘资料[1]。此前,相关的发掘简报及研究文章还在《文物》、《江汉考古》等刊物陆续发表[2]。通过大规模的发掘和综合研究,可确认叶家山墓地是西周早期的曾侯家族墓地。这一新的重要考古发现,无疑对研究西周时期曾国的历史和地理等具有非常重大的学术意义。该墓地出土了大批带有铭文的青铜器。其中,M50随葬了两件带有特殊数字铭文的同铭方鼎。

The Yejiashan Cemetery in Suizhou City, Hubei was the family cemetery of the marquis of the Zeng State in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, from which large amount of inscribed bronzes were unearthed. From the M50 in this cemetery, two fangding-quadripods bearing digits in the inscriptions were unearthed. One set of digits in the inscriptions was read by the excavators as ＂nine-six-one＂ ; however, the further observation revealed that it should be ＂nine-six-six-one＂ . Based on the clarification of the inscription, the issues related to the digital divinatory symbols can be discussed. On the one hand, the discovery of the fangding bearing ＂nine-six- six-one＂ inscription provided important evidence for the discussion and speculation in the academic field about the ＂tetragrams＂ in the past; on the other hand, for the issue on the relationship between the ＂digital divinatory symbols＂ and the clan emblems in the inscriptions, the inscription of this fangding showed that they had tight connections.