基于现代农业的中国农村土地制度改革研究

The Research of China's Rural Land System and Reform——Based on the Development of Modern Agriculture

土地制度变革是现代农业发展的首要条件。一个能够有效促进现代农业发展的农地制度应具有公正分配、产权清晰、交易自由、政策激励及建立相应的生产经营组织制度等基本特征。以此审视当代中国农地制度,在诸多方面存在严重缺陷及不足。因此,要促进中国现代农业的健康发展,必须以相应的土地制度变革为基础。在产权制度方面,应建立农民所有制;在市场制度方面,应祛除行政对土地市场的控制和垄断;在政策激励方面,应采取一系列有利于土地集中的激励措施;在经营组织方面,应鼓励和扶持以土地权利连结的农民自组织发展。

Land system and reform is the prime condition in the development of modem agriculture. A land system which can promote the modem agricultural development effectively should has the following basic characteristics： fair distribution, clear rights, policy encouragement and establishing corresponding system of production management. There are serious defects and shortcomings in these areas. Therefore, to promote the healthy development of China＇s modem agriculture, we must lay the foundation of corresponding land system reform. In the property system, we should establish farmer＇s ownership; In the market system, we Should dispel administration＇s control and monopoly to the land market; In the policy stimulation, we should use a series of incentive measures to land concentration; In the business organization, we should encourage and support to the development of organization of farmers who link with land rights.