提高中小学教师工资水平的方案设计及可行性分析

On the Project Design of Enhancing Financial Input of Primary and Secondary School Teachers' Salary and Its Feasibility Analysis

中小学教师行业工资水平的高低将影响高素质人才是否选择从事教师职业,进而影响教师队伍的结构和质量。基于人力资本理论和国家政策法规,选取与中小学教师学历相当行业、公务员、国民经济中等偏上水平、物价作为参照系,分析1990—2010年我国教师的相对工资水平,研究发现:中小学教师工资的增长很大一部分被物价上涨所抵消;中小学教师工资低于学历相当行业劳动者;中小学教师工资在2010年前低于公务员工资;中小学教师工资始终未能达到国民经济行业中等偏上的水平。提出以最低标准、法定标准、市场标准、学历标准提高中小学教师工资的四种方案。

The level of primary and secondary school teachers＇ relative salary will affect not only the willingness of high-quality talents＇ career decision to be a teacher, but also the future structure and quality of teachers＇ team. Based on the human capital theory and national policies and legislations, the research has analyzed the relative salary of teachers in China by selecting 4 references as the similar vocation to the educational background of primary and secondary school teachers, civil servants, the upper level of national economy, and price of commodities. It is found out that the primary and secondary school teachers＇ salary in China has low externally competitiveness, a large proportion of the growth of teachers＇ salary has been offset by the inflation, primary and secondary teachers＇ salary is lower than the workers of other industries with similar education background. Before 2010, primary and secondary teachers＇ salary was always lower than that of the civil servants. Teacher＇s salary has still been ranked in the lower middle level of the national industries. To enhance the primary and secondary school teachers＇ salary, it is suggested that we should carry out four projects, as taking reference from the minimum standard, legal standard, market standard, educational background standard.