鲁南地区龙山文化时期的动物遗存分析

An Analysis on the Faunal Remains of Longshan Culture in Southern Shandong

综合鲁南地区四个龙山时代遗址的动物遗存情况来看,动物种属具有一致性的特征,除了本地区常见的动物外,还有一些属于现在南方地区的种属,表明在龙山时期本地区的气候条件要比现在温暖湿润;先民主要依靠饲养家畜尤其是家猪来获取肉食,同时也会充分利用周围的自然资源,狩猎野生动物,捕捞水生动物来补充肉食;遗址出土的野生动物遗存数量较多,且与周围的环境密切相关,说明先民在这一时期对周围的环境还存在着不同程度的依赖性;这一时期的墓葬中一般都会随葬完整幼年猪的下颌骨,显示了特殊的葬俗。

The four sites of Longshan Culture in Southem Shandong consist ofthesame fauna spe- cies distinct to these sites. Other than the common species from the area today, some species foundin to- day＇s southern China were also discovered, indicatinga much warmer and humid climateat that time. The subsistence strategy for acquiring meat consists ofanimal husbandry （especially pigs）, hunting and fishing. A large number of wild animals＇ remains unearthed from the sites indicating that theLongshan Culture was still deeply influenced by theirenvironment. Moreover, it is common for the burial of the completepiglet mandibles to be buried in the tombs, showing a distinct burial custom of this area.