搅拌摩擦焊接技术的研究现状与前景展望

Research status and prospects of friction stir welding technology

搅拌摩擦焊接技术是近年来发展较快的一种焊接技术,目前在多个行业中获得了深度关注并取得了飞速发展,研究材料从最初的铝合金到现在涵盖了多种的金属材料、轻合金材料、非金属材料等;搅拌头结构也已经多种化,从传统的结构发展到现在的以双头搅拌头、固定轴肩搅拌头和浮动轴肩搅拌头等为代表的创新形式焊接工具,焊接工艺从单一以控制转速比、轴向压力、焊接倾角和下压量的单热源摩擦焊再到为解决高熔点金属的搅拌摩擦焊应用的先进焊接技术,如激光、等离子、超声-搅拌摩擦复合焊等以及电磁感应-摩擦复合焊等复合焊接方法。搅拌摩擦焊接技术以其巨大发展潜力和独有的技术优势迅速得到社会的认可和技术推广,逐渐成为当下最热门的固相连接技术方法之一。

As the development of solid connection technology quickly in recent years,friction stir welding technology received widespread attention in the field of current welding and has achieved rapid development.Research materials evolve from the original aluminum alloy into a variety of black metals,light alloys and nonmetal materials.Mixing head structures develop from the traditional friction stir head structure into the present double friction stir welding structure,fixed shoulder friction stir welding and floating shoulder stir head and other innovation welding structures.Welding processes developes from the single heat source friction welding that only controls the rotation speed ratio,the axial stress and friction press amount into to solve the problem of friction stir welding of high melting point metal laser-friction stir compound welding,plasma arc-friction stir compound welding,ultrasonic-friction stir compound welding and electromagnetic induction-friction composite welding and other friction welding methods.Friction stir welding technology with its huge development potential and unique technical advantage rapidly is receiving social recognition and technology promotion,and has become one of the most popular method of solid phase connection technologies.