聚乙酰苯胺/氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料制备及其超级电容性能

The Fabrication of Poly(N-acetylaniline)/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and Its Supercapacitor Performance

采用改进的Hummers方法制备氧化石墨,在乙醇溶液中超声分散120 min得到氧化石墨烯悬浮液。采用滴涂法在玻碳电极表面得到氧化石墨烯薄膜,通过电化学技术在氧化石墨烯薄膜上沉积得到聚乙酰苯胺纳米线,成功制备了聚乙酰苯胺/氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料(PAANI/GO)。利用扫描电镜、循环伏安法和恒电流充放电测试技术对合成材料的形貌和充放电性能进行表征和测试。结果表明,直径为80 nm的聚乙酰苯胺纳米线均匀分散在氧化石墨烯表面,制备的复合材料在1 mol/L高氯酸溶液中,当循环伏安扫速为10 m V/s时,可以获得706 F/g的比电容,PAANI的比电容为285 F/g。聚乙酰苯胺/氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料具有优异的充放电稳定性,当恒电流为1A/g时,循环充放电1 000次比电容是初始值的90%。

The modified Hummers method was used to synthesize graphite oxide. The graphite oxide was dispersed in ethanol under ultrasonication for 120 min, giving a suspension of exfoliated graphene oxide （GO）. GO film was obtained through dipping GO sus-pension onto glassy carbon electrode （GCE） surface. Poly（N-acetylaniline） （PAANI） nanowires were successfully electrodeposited on the surface of GO film and PAANI/GO nanocomposites were achieve. The scanning electron microscope （SEM）, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge/discharge analysis were utilized to evaluate the morphology and electrochemical performances of the com-posites. The SEM results demonstrated that PAANI nanowires with 80 nm in diameter were uniformly dispersed on GO surface. The obtained PAANI/GO composites exhibited good electrochemical properties, presenting enhanced capacitive behavior with maximum specific capacitance of 706 F/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/s in 1 mol/L HClO4 aqueous solution, higher than that of PAANI nanowire （285 F/g） supercapacitors. Moreover, the supercapacitor showed excellent charge/discharge properties, retaining over 90%of its initial capacitance after 1 000 charge/discharge cycles at a discharge current density of 1 A/g.