不可逆电穿孔微创消融肿瘤技术的研究进展

Recent Advances in Tissue Minimally Invasive Ablation with Irreversible Electroporation

肿瘤愈发成为人类健康的主要威胁。传统的手术切除、化学治疗存在一定的禁忌症,且易对患者身心造成巨大的伤害,物理消融治疗就是在这种背景下提出的。为此,在简要介绍目前临床应用较广的几种物理消融技术的基础上,由电穿孔现象及其应用出发,着重介绍了率先由我国研究人员提出的不可逆电穿孔消融肿瘤技术的发展历程及研究进展。尽管不可逆电穿孔治疗肿瘤技术的机理尚未完全探明,但该技术由于具有治疗时间短、病人术后恢复快、对正常组织损伤小等优势,且可避免热消融损伤的缺憾,所以已展现出广阔的应用前景。然而,相对于国外的成果迅速转化的优势以及临床快速推进,国内的临床推进相对缓慢,但不可逆电穿孔消融肿瘤方法逐渐为我国工程专家和临床医生所接受,目前亟需汇集技术、临床及资金等各方面力量,将该技术尽快实现成果转化进而推广到临床以造福患者。

Tumor becomes one of the major threats to human health. There are certain contraindications after traditional surgery and chemotherapy, which also easily cause further damage in patients both physically and mentally. Physical ablation therapy is proposed to avoid these disadvantages. We briefly describe several widely applied current clinical ablation technologies, and after illustrating the phenomenon of electroporation, we highlight the development of tumor ablation with irreversible electroporation（IRE therapy）, which is first proposed by Chinese researchers. Although the mechanism of IRE therapy has not been completely revealed, it shows a broad prospect in application due to its advantages of short duration of treatment, rapid postoperative recovery, relatively small damage to normal tissue, and no thermal ablation damage. In the advanced countries, the technology has been rapidly developed and advanced in clinical conditions; meanwhile the similar progress in China is relatively slow. Nevertheless, IRE therapy has been accepted by more and more peers in China, and all aspects of resources including technologies, and clinical and financial supports are needed to develop the IRE therapy into the clinical stage.