环境基本公共服务均等化评估指标体系构建与实证

Construction and Empirical Study on Evaluation Index System for the Equalization of Environmental Basic Public Service

该文在研究环境基本公共服务概念和范围的基础上,根据"压力—状态—响应"(PSR)概念模型框架,构建了环境基本公共服务均等化评估指标体系,选取江苏、湖北、贵州3个省份进行实证评估,分别计算其环境基本公共服务水平分值,并采用基尼系数得出三省均等化差异程度。研究结果表明:2011年,江苏省、湖北省和贵州省的环境基本公共服务水平综合得分分别为66.11分、43.52分和40.40分。江苏省在"压力"维度得分较低,表明源头污染物排放压力突出;湖北省、贵州省在"状态"、"响应"维度得分较低,说明环保资金、机构投入力度不足。指标体系能够对不同区域间的环境基本公共服务均等化水平进行识别和定量评估。建议应进一步从增进指标直接相关性、增进城乡评估适用性和优化评估方法等方面完善指标体系构建和评估方法研究。

After studying the conception and the scope of environmental basic public service,based on pressure-state-response model frame,this research conducted the evaluation index system for the equalization of environmental basic public service,which then was applied to Jiangsu,Hubei and Guizhou Province as empirical assessment. The scores of the three provinces＇ environmental basic public service level were calculated so that the difference degree of their equalization could be evaluated by means of Gini coefficient. To conclude,in 2011,the scores of environmental basic public service of Jiangsu,Hubei and Guizhou were relatively 66.11,43.52 and 40.40. Jiangsu got a lower score in terms of pressure,which meant higher pressure on pollutant emission from the source. While Hubei and Guizhou gained lower scores in terms of state and response,reflecting the lack of investment on environment protection. Thus,it was efficient to use the evaluation index system to identify and to quantify the equalization level of environmental basic public service in various areas. At last,to polish up the index system and assessment method,enhancing the direct correlation of indicators,improving the applicability on both urban and rural areas and optimizing the evaluation methods were recommended as follow-up research.