中国木质林产品碳足迹的产业链分布特征分析

Carbon Footprint Characteristics of Wooden Products Industry Chain in China

中国是木质林产品的生产、消费和出口大国,分析其产品碳足迹的分布特征对于林产行业的国际贸易和节能减排工作具有重要意义。文章采用投入产出生命周期模型计算中国木质林产品的碳足迹,并对不同种类木质林产品产业链上的碳足迹分布进行分析。研究结果表明,产品碳足迹总量最大的木质林产品是木家具(占总量的36%),而单位产品碳足迹强度最大的木质林产品是纸制品(占整体的16%);针对林产品行业内部的产业链角度,碳足迹的主要流量发生在从用材林的种植和养护业到最终产品的制造;林产品产业行业外部,碳足迹的贡献则主要来自于金属冶炼及压延加工业、化石燃料开采业等行业,这2个行业碳足迹贡献分别占21%和18%;整体上,中国木质林产品生产中温室气体的排放以燃料燃烧产生的二氧化碳为主,这与产业链外其他行业的碳贡献密不可分。研究表明,通过碳足迹在产业链上的分布可以有助于分析林产品碳排放的工作重心。

China as a major nation of wooden products in regards of production,consumption and export,carbon footprint of its wooden forestry products has important implications for international trade and energy conservation in forestry products industry. In this paper,characteristics of the carbon footprint were analyzed in relation to various kinds wooden product by using input/output life-cycle analysis. The analytic research showed that wooden furniture,among others,contributed most（36%）in terms of total carbon footprint,and paper products contributed most（16%）regarding carbon footprint per unit of products. From the perspective of the forestry industry chain,the main flow of the carbon footprint was from timber planting,conservation to the final products; externally,the carbon footprint was primarily from metal smelting and rolling processing industry,fossil fuel mining and other industries. As a whole,manufacturing of wooden products resulted in emissions of greenhouse gas,mainly carbon dioxide,from fuel burning,which was inseparable from the outside carbon contribution of other industry sectors.