生石灰、镁肥及硅肥不同施用量对甘蔗幼苗生长及重要生理指标的影响

Effects of Different Application Amount of Lime, Magnesium, Silicon Fertilizers on Plant Growth and Some Important Physiological Indices of Sugarcane Seedlings

利用桶栽试验,研究了酸性土壤施用不同量的生石灰(750、1500和3000 kg/hm2)、镁肥(150、300和600 kg/hm2)及硅肥(60、120和240 kg/hm2)对甘蔗幼苗生长和重要生理指标的影响。结果表明,施用适量的生石灰、镁肥及硅肥,可提高酸性土壤甘蔗幼苗叶片叶绿素含量,增强甘蔗叶片光合作用能力,进而促进了甘蔗幼苗的生长。然而,过量施用生石灰(3000 kg/hm2)、镁肥(600 kg/hm2)及硅肥(240kg/hm2)会对甘蔗幼苗生长带来不利影响,其中,过量施用生石灰主要是抑制了甘蔗根系活力,过量施用镁肥主要是降低了叶片净光合速率,过量施用硅肥主要是降低了叶片叶绿素含量。因此,在施用生石灰、镁肥、硅肥时,应注意其施用量。

A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different application amount of lime （0, 750, 1500 and 3000 kg/hm2）, magnesium （0, 150, 300 and 600 kg/hm2）, silicon （0, 60, 120 and 240 kg/hm2） fertilizers on plant growth and some important physiological indices of sugarcane seedlings. The results showed that the suitable application of lime, magnesium and silicon fertilizers in acid soil increased chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis rate, then increased plant growth of sugarcane seedlings. However, excessive lime （3000 kg/hm2）, magnesium （600 kg/hm2）, silicon （240 kg/hm2） fertilizers application could result in inhibitory effects of plant growth of sugarcane seedlings. Among them, excessive application of lime mainly inhibited root activity, excessive magnesium fertilizer application mainly decreased the net photosynthesis rate, and excessive silicon fertilizer application mainly reduced chlorophyll content. Therefore, it should choose a suitable applicationamount of lime, magnesium, and silicon fertilizers when planting sugarcane.