乘用车前端结构几何参数对行人头部动力学响应和损伤风险的影响

Influence of Geometric Parameters of Passenger Car's Front-end Structure on the Head Dynamic Response and Injury Risk of Pedestrian

通过深入的事故数据分析,研究行人在与不同类型乘用车碰撞中的AIS 3+伤亡风险,采用仿真分析研究乘用车前部结构对行人损伤和致伤因素的影响。以市场上的128款乘用车作为样本,比较了轿车、运动型多功能车和微型厢式车前部结构的主要几何尺寸;基于详尽的行人事故数据,统计分析了各类乘用车-行人事故中的损伤分布和严重性,确定了车辆碰撞速度与行人伤亡风险的关系;利用多体动力学模型,分别在20、40和60km/h的碰撞速度下比较了不同车型的行人头部碰撞条件。结果表明:乘用车前部几何形状对行人头部动力学响应和损伤风险都有显著影响。研究结果可为不同类型乘用车更好地制定行人保护措施提供一定的理论依据。

The AIS 3 ＋ injury risks of pedestrians in their collisions with different passenger cars are studied by in-depth analysis on accident data,and the effects of the front-end structure of passenger car on pedestrian injuries and their causative factors are investigated by simulation analysis. With 128 makes of passenger cars from the market in China as samples,the main geometric dimensions of front-end structure of sedans,SUVs and minivans are compared. Based on detailed pedestrian accident data,the distribution and severity of injuries in all kinds of car-pedestrian accidents are statistically analyzed,and the relationship between vehicle impact speed and pedestrian casualty risks are determined. The pedestrian head impact conditions of different makes of cars are compared at different impact speeds of 20,40 and 60 km / h respectively with multi-body dynamics models. The results show that the front-end geometric shape of passenger cars has obvious influence on the dynamics response and injury risk of pedestrians＇ head. The findings from the study could provide certain theoretical basis for better developing the pedestrian protection measures for different types of passenger cars.