清代雍正朝问责处分官员之重心初探

Study On The Core of Official Accountability and Sanction in the Yongzheng's Reign in Qing Dynasty

雍正朝对官员在职期间的违制违纪行为都要予以问责、处分。其时,官员违制违纪的范围和内容非常广泛,涉及当时的政治、经济、军事、科举文化、社会等多个方面。而其中对官员在治政中行政失误的追查,成为清代问责官员的重心所在,是政府诸多问责内容中的主流。当时行政失误主要有,印务失误、文书失误与司法失误。这些失误直接关系到中央政令的传布、地方司法的威信。所以,朝廷在此方面的问责与处分是既周密又有力度的。

In the Yongzheng’s Reign,the officials would be received accountability and sanction if they had violations in service.The range and content about official violations were very wide,which they referred to the politics,economy,military, culture of civil service and society and so on.Tracing administrative faults for the officials in service became the mainstream of government accountability and the focus of official accountability.At that moment,administrative faults mainly included,the faults of printing,the faults of writ and j udicial faults.These faults related directly to the implement of central orders and the authority of local j udicial,therefore,the accountability about them was careful and powerful from the court.