需要的主观性及其调控

A Research on Subjectivity of Needs and Its Regulation

需要是指人为维护其延续和发展而产生的对自身与外界事物的主体化依赖与要求。人的需要具有自然依赖性、社会开发性、历史发展性、多样层次性和无限开放性等。需要不仅具有客观性,也具有极强的主观性,需要的主观性主要表现在意识性和意志性两个方面。需要的主观性决定了需要不一定是合理的,因而应当对其进行调控,以实现人与自然、人与人以及个体身心之间的和谐发展。

Needs,generated from the continuation and development of human beings,refer to people’s reliance and re-quirement towards themselves and the outside world.Needs of human beings are featured with various aspects,such as natural dependence,social development,historical progress,diversification of hierarchy and infinite openness.Needs are not only of obj ectivity,but also of subj ectivity which is mainly manifested in consciousness and volition.As the subj ectivity determines the possible existence of irrationality,therefore,needs must be regulated reasonably with the hope of achieving the target of har-monious development between the human beings and the nature,between a person and another,and between people’s body and mind.