安徽石台亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶中C、N、P特征分析

Foliar C,N and P stoichiometry in subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest in Shitai county,Anhui province

以安徽石台亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶片为研究对象,分析了植物叶中C、N、P含量以及它们之间的化学计量关系,讨论了不同类型植物叶片的化学计量特征。结果显示：所研究的28种植物物种间差异明显,叶片中C含量为400.08-519.36 mg/g,N为5.15-15.39 mg/g,P为0.30-0.97 mg/g,m（C）∶m（N）范围为29.99-92.25、m（C）∶m（P）的范围为467.01-1 443.81、m（N）∶m（P）的范围为10.01-29.29,且N与P、m（C）∶m（N）值与m（C）∶m（P）值之间呈现显著的正相关关系,m（N）∶m（P）的变化主要由P含量决定。不同生活型植物m（C）∶m（N）值从大到小表现为灌木（59.68）〉乔木（51.56）〉草本和藤本植物（44.50）,草本和藤本植物与灌木之间m（C）∶m（N）差异显著;不同植物m（C）∶m（P）值从大到小表现为灌木（1 043.4）〉草本和藤本植物（818.78）〉乔木（808.35）,灌木与乔木、草本和藤本植物都存在显著差异。该地区灌木m（C）∶m（N）值和m（C）∶m（P）值均最高,说明灌木对N、P的利用效率最高。3种类型植物m（N）∶m（P）值均大于16,说明该地区常绿阔叶林主要受P限制。虽然植物受P限制,但其m（C）∶m（P）值含量较高,说明植物对其生长受限的元素利用效率会更高,这反映了植物对环境适应的一种对策。

This study focused on the foliage of major plants in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest in Shitai,Anhui province,and we tried to figure out the trait of foliar C,N and P at different types,and strived to reveal their relationships. The result showed that foliar C concentrations were ranged from 400. 08 to 519. 36 mg / g,N from 5. 15 to 15. 39 mg / g and P from 0. 30 to 0. 97 mg / g for 28 major species. The ratios of m（ C） ∶ m（ N）,m（ C） ∶ m（ P） and m（ N） ∶ m（ P） was 29. 99- 92. 25,467. 01- 1 443. 81 and 10. 01- 29. 29,respectively. There was a strong correlation between N and P,m（ C） ∶ m（ N） and m（ C） ∶ m（ P）. The change of m（ N） ∶ m（ P） ratio was mainly determined by the P concentration. As for the relationships among C,N,P concentrations in different types,we concluded that ratio of foliar m（ C）∶ m（ N） was 59. 68 in shrubs,51. 56 in trees,and 44. 50 in herb,and significant difference was found between the shrub and herb species. The ratio of foliar m（ C） ∶ m（ P） was 1 043. 4 in shrubs,818. 78 in herb,808. 35 in trees.There was significant difference between shrubs and both trees and herbs. These showed that maximum utilization efficiency of N and P existed in shrub species. The m（ N） ∶ m（ P） ratios for shrubs,herbs and trees were more than 16,indicating that evergreen broad-leaf forest was restricted by P utilization. The higher ratio of m（ C） ∶ m（ P） manifested that plants would be more efficient for the restriction elements,reflecting the responses of plants adapting to the environment.