横风环境中弓网动力学性能分析

Pantograph-catenary dynamic behavior under cross wind

为研究横风对弓网动力学性能的影响,基于AR模型的线性滤波法和Davenport风速谱,构建了受电弓-接触网系统的随机风场,获得了作用于受电弓和接触网的风速时程;建立受电弓/高速列车空气动力学仿真模型,采用计算流体力学方法求解了列车运行速度为300 km·h-1,不同横风速度下的受电弓气动抬升力,从而得到横风平均速度为20 m·s-1时,受电弓气动抬升力时程;采用三维弓网耦合动力学模型,系统分析了横风对弓网动力学的影响规律。研究表明,横风使得受电弓的气动抬升力变大,并与横风速度的平方成正比;受电弓气动抬升力的增加和波动,使得接触压力平均值以及标准差变大;接触网产生的风致振动改变了弓网之间的接触状态,导致接触压力波动范围变大,因此,列车在横风环境中运行时,不仅增大了弓网接触压力从而加剧了受电弓滑板和接触线的磨耗,而且使得接触压力最小值减小以及标准差增大,导致弓网受流质量显著降低。

In order to study the influence of cross wind on pantograph-catenary dynamic behavior,the stochastic wind field of a pantograph-catenary system was established to obtain the wind speed time histories acting on the pantograph and catenary based on the linear filtering method of AR model and Davenport wind speed spectrum.The aerodynamic model of pantograph/high-speed train was built and the computational fluid dynamics method was used to calculate the aerodynamic uplift forces of the pantograph at different cross wind speeds while the train running at a speed of 300 km/h, then the time history of the aerodynamic uplift force of the pantograph was obtained under the average wind speed of 20 m/s.A three-dimensional pantograph-catenary coupled dynamic model was used to analyze the influence rule of the cross wind on the pantograph-catenary dynamic behavior systematically.The results showed that the aerodynamic uplift force of the pantograph increases due to cross wind and it is proportional to the square of the cross wind speed;moreover,the increase and fluctuation of the pantograph aerodynamic uplift force make the mean and standard deviation of the contact force increase;the contact status between the collector strip and the contact wire is changed by the wind-induced vibration of the catenary,it leads to the fluctuation range of the contact force expands;therefore,while the train running in the cross wind environment,not only the contact force increases and the abrasion of the collector strip and the contact wire rises,but also the current collection quality drops because the minimum value of the contact force decreases and its standard deviation increases.