RDX基铝纤维炸药与铝粉炸药水下爆炸性能比较

Comparison of underwater denotation performance of RDX-based aluminum fiber explosive and that of aluminum particle explosive

为了评估含铝炸药的综合性能,将铝粉用铝纤维代替,与RDX均匀混合压制得到铝纤维炸药,分别对铝纤维炸药、铝粉炸药、RDX进行水下爆炸实验,测量70 cm、90 cm、120 cm、150 cm处冲击波压力时程,获得三种炸药在不同位置处的冲击波压力峰值、冲量、比冲击波能、气泡脉动周期、比气泡能等参数,研究表明:在压力时程的有效持续时间内,铝纤维反应速率低于铝粉,铝纤维破碎消耗部分能量,导致铝纤维炸药的压力峰值、冲量、比冲击波能低于铝粉炸药。铝纤维的比表面积小,未被氧化的铝含量比铝粉高,且第一次气泡脉动周期较长,使得铝纤维与铝粉参加反应的程度相当,铝纤维炸药的比气泡能略高于铝粉炸药,使得铝纤维炸药的总能量与铝粉炸药相当。

In order to improve comprehensive performance of the traditional aluminized explosive, a new non-ideal composite explosive was obtained putting aluminum fiber instead of aluminum powder in the traditional aluminized explosive. The pressure-versus time curves at different positions of aluminum fiber explosive, traditional aluminized explosive and RDX were measured with underwater explosion tests, the parameters, such as, peak pressure of shock wave, impulse, specific shock wave energy, and specific bubble energy, and specific explosion energy, of three types of explosives were obtained by analyzing the curves. The results showed that the peak pressure, impulse, and specific shock wave energy of aluminum fiber explosive are lower than those of traditional aluminized explosive because the reaction rate of aluminum fiber is slower than that of aluminum particle; the specific bubble energy of aluminum fiber explosive is slightly greater than that of traditional aluminized explosive because the specific surface area of aluminum fiber is less than that of aluminum particle, the content of A1 of aluminum fiber is higher than that of aluminum powder, and the duration of the first bubble pulsation period of the former is longer, so the both＇s reaction levels are almost equal, thus the total energy of aluminum fiber explosive is closely equal to traditional aluminized explosive＇s.